Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine in the coronal plane, often presenting in an S- or C-shaped configuration. Mild cases usually cause limited issues, but severe scoliosis can impair breathing, movement, and cause pain, sometimes qualifying as a disability [1]. Surgical treatment is typically recommended when the scoliosis is severe to prevent progression and to lessen the curve. The standard procedure, posterior spinal fusion, uses pedicle screws, metal rods, and bone grafts to stabilize the spine by fusing the affected vertebrae [2]. Pedicle screw placement is a particularly critical phase, as breaches can cause severe complications due to the proximity to the spinal canal [3].

Navigation systems have the potential to assist the surgeon during the placement of pedicle screws increasing the safety of the operation. Traditional navigation systems rely fluoroscopy or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to provide visual feedback to the surgeon.

Augmented reality (AR) navigation offers a promising alternative by overlaying anatomical and surgical information directly onto the surgeon's view, reducing errors and improving efficiency. However, commercially available AR systems still require intraoperative imaging for registration.

The goal of this project is to develop an AR-based navigation system for posterior spinal fusion, enhancing accuracy and safety while minimizing radiation exposure.

The project is a collaboration between the University of Basel’s Center for Medical Image Analysis and Navigation and the Department of Neurosurgery at the University Children’s Hospital of Basel.